Under what condition is a lawyer required to disclose confidential information?

A lawyer is required to disclose confidential information when it is mandated by law or ethical obligations. This principle is grounded in the ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct, which recognize that a lawyer's duty to protect client confidentiality is not without exception. Specifically, the rules allow for disclosure of confidential information when it is necessary to comply with other laws, such as reporting requirements or complying with a court order.

The obligation to disclose can also arise from ethical duties to prevent certain harm, particularly if a client poses a risk of serious injury to themselves or others. In these situations, the need to prevent harm or fulfill a legal requirement outweighs the duty of confidentiality, allowing the lawyer to make the necessary disclosures.

Confidentiality is a core tenet of the attorney-client relationship, but it is not considered absolute. Therefore, while a lawyer must maintain confidentiality in most instances, the law and ethical obligations may compel them to disclose information under specific circumstances, ensuring that they comply with the broader legal framework and protect the safety and well-being of others.